Abstract
This article examines the critical issue of “semantic gaps” and cognitive biases in communication among stakeholders within the investment-construction cycle during the execution of fit-out projects in the commercial real estate and retail sectors. The author substantiates the inadequacy of traditional linear planning methodologies (CPM, network diagrams) in environments characterized by high uncertainty and stringent deadlines, a failure attributed to the absence of a unified visual reference for the project team. The methodology is predicated upon a profound decomposition of brand books, the synthesis of a high-fidelity digital twin of the asset and the implementation of a backward scheduling algorithm anchored to a fixed inauguration date. Empirical validation of this framework, conducted across a diversified project portfolio, corroborates the hypothesis regarding the superior efficacy of the visual-centric approach. The methodology ensures no statistically significant schedule deviation within the observed sample (n = 108), with 60% of projects completed ahead of schedule (up to 14 days earlier for standard retail units, period 2019-2022, n = 34). Consequently, this technology can be characterized not as a planning instrument, but as a robust financial risk management strategy that ensures the mitigation of “dead rent” expenditures and the precise realization of projected Return on Investment (ROI) targets.
References
Alexander, N., & Doherty, A. M. (2012). International Retailing. Oxford University Press.
Alnajjar, O., Atencio, E., & Turmo, J. (2025). A Systematic Review of Lean Construction, BIM and Emerging Technologies Integration: Identifying Key Tools. Buildings, 15(16), 2884. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15162884
Azhar, S. (2011). Building Information Modeling (BIM): Trends, benefits, risks, and challenges for the AEC industry. Leadership and Management in Engineering, 11(3), 241–252. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)LM.1943-5630.0000127
Ballard, G. (2000). The Last Planner System of Production Control. University of Birmingham.
Ballard, G. (2012). Target Value Design. Proceedings of International Design Conference, DESIGN.
Cleland, D. (2004). The Evolution of Project Management. Engineering Management, IEEE Transactions, 51(4), 396–397. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEM.2004.836362
Eastman, C., Teicholz, P., Sacks, R., & Liston, K. (2011). BIM Handbook: A Guide to Building Information Modeling for Owners, Managers, Designers, Engineers and Contractors. Wiley.
Fahy, K., Kelly, M., & Newell, S. (2025). Analysis of Circular Economy Interventions during the Demolition and Enabling Phase of a Construction Project: An Irish Case Study. Circular Economy and Sustainability, (5), 7241–7281. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43615-025-00670-9
Fedyk, M. (2025). Economic integration and cooperation in the conditions of globalization. Public Management and Policy, 1(5), 21–28. https://doi.org/10.70651/3041-2498/2025.1.03
Fedyk, M., Kudyn, S., & Bondarchuk, M. (2022). Digitalization of the world business environment under the conditions of global instability. Economics & Education, 7(1), 34–41. http://www.baltijapublishing.lv/index.php/econedu/article/view/1697/1716
Howell, G. A. (1999). What is Lean Construction? Lean Construction Institute.
Kerzner, H. (2022). Project Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Controlling (13th ed.). Wiley.
Koskela, L. (1992). Application of the New Production Philosophy to Construction. Stanford University.
Love, P. E. D., & Edwards, D. J. (2004). Determinants of rework in building construction projects. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 11(4), 259–274. https://doi.org/10.1108/09699980410547612
Mathieu, J. E., Heffner, T. S., Goodwin, G. F., Salas, E., & Cannon-Bowers, J. A. (2000). The influence of shared mental models on team process and performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(2), 273. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0021-9010.85.2.273
Project Management Institute. (2021). A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) (7th ed.). Project Management Institute.
Sacks, R., Koskela, L., Dave, B. A., & Owen, R. (2010). Interaction of Lean and BIM: a conceptual analysis. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 136(9), 968–980. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0000203
Schröder, C. (2025). Top-down vs. bottom-up planning in enterprise performance management. Jedox. https://www.jedox.com/en/blog/top-down-bottom-up-planning/
Tezel, A., Koskela, L., & Tzortzopoulos, P. (2013). Visual Management in Lean Construction, University of Salford, Salford, U.K.
Tezel, A., Koskela, L., & Tzortzopoulos, P. (2016). Visual management in construction: Study report on the state of the art. University of Huddersfield.
Tjell, J., & Bosch-Sijtsema, P. M. (2015). Visual management in continuous design: A case study of a lean construction project. Architectural Engineering and Design Management, 11(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(15)00167-7
Walczak, R. (2012). Quantitative time management methods in project management. Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa, 12(1). 301–306. https://agro.icm.edu.pl/agro/element/bwmeta1.element.agro-6b28edae-3db0-47f6-a117-122793915479
Whyte, J. (2002). Virtual Reality and the Built Environment. Architectural Press.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2026 Andrii Tymoshenko
